Understand How Can You Get Rid of a Recurrent Corneal Erosion?
Recurrent corneal erosion (RCE) is a condition where the surface layer of the cornea, called the epithelium, repeatedly breaks down or detaches. This causes episodes of pain, discomfort, tearing, light sensitivity, and blurred vision. RCE often occurs following an eye injury, corneal abrasion, or certain corneal dystrophies. Because it tends to recur, effective management and treatment are necessary to reduce symptoms and prevent future episodes.
Causes and Symptoms of Recurrent Corneal Erosion
Recurrent corneal erosion generally develops after trauma that damages the epithelial layer of the cornea. This damage weakens the attachment between the epithelium and the underlying layer, called Bowman’s membrane. When this bond is disrupted, the epithelial cells can slough off easily, leading to repeated erosions.
Certain corneal dystrophies, such as epithelial basement membrane dystrophy, can also predispose individuals to RCE by causing abnormal epithelial adherence. Symptoms typically include sudden onset of sharp eye pain, usually upon waking, foreign body sensation, tearing, redness, and light sensitivity. These symptoms may resolve over hours but often recur, leading to a chronic cycle of irritation.
Initial Treatment Strategies
Initial management of RCE focuses on promoting corneal healing and reducing symptoms. Lubricating the eye with preservative-free artificial tears throughout the day helps maintain a moist ocular surface and decrease friction from blinking. Nighttime use of lubricating ointments can provide additional protection while sleeping when symptoms tend to worsen.
In some cases, mild topical corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and facilitate healing. However, these are generally used for short durations under professional guidance due to potential side effects.
Avoiding activities that can cause further corneal trauma, such as rubbing the eyes, is important during treatment.
Advanced Treatments for Recurrent Corneal Erosion
When conservative therapies fail to prevent recurrences, several procedural options are available. One common approach is anterior stromal puncture, where tiny punctures are made into the superficial corneal layer to encourage stronger epithelial adhesion. This outpatient procedure can reduce the frequency of erosions and improve symptoms.
Another option is phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK), a laser procedure that removes the superficial corneal tissue to smooth irregularities. PTK aids in regenerating a healthier epithelial surface with improved attachment, reducing recurrence risk.
Bandage contact lenses are sometimes used to protect the corneal surface while it heals and to relieve pain. These lenses are worn for several days or weeks depending on the severity of the erosion.
Lifestyle and Preventative Measures
Patients with recurrent corneal erosion should take steps to minimize triggers and protect their eyes. Wearing protective eyewear during activities that may expose the eyes to injury is advisable. Controlling underlying conditions, such as dry eye disease, is also crucial, as a dry ocular surface can worsen epithelial fragility.
Maintaining good eyelid hygiene and avoiding exposure to irritants like smoke or chemical fumes can help reduce ocular surface inflammation and vulnerability.
Regular follow-up with an eye care professional ensures monitoring of the condition and timely adjustment of treatment if needed.
When to Seek Medical Attention
If symptoms worsen, such as increased pain, vision loss, or signs of infection like discharge or severe redness, prompt evaluation is essential. Untreated recurrent corneal erosion can occasionally lead to complications, including corneal scarring or infections that can impact vision long-term.